A possible 5th copper ore 
used will be regarding polymetallic character (Cu-Sn) said because of the Alcalde ainsi que al
Analyses of the metallurgical assemblage from La Bauma confirm the use of four vessels (F12, G10, G11 and H12) for smelting of copper ores with a gangue that was rich in CaO, MgO and P2O5. LI analyses of two samples of this group (G10 and H12) support a provenance from Montsant area, with G10 more likely related to Turquesa mine and H12 to Solana del Bepo mine. LIA were not conducted on F12 and G11.
E13 and F11 slag levels disagree compositionally and you can microstructurally on the other five trials, indicating yet another costs. They are also slimmer. While not definitive, the latest said research would be consistent with smelting in the place of melting. If so, this would keeps inside pure copper ores that have minor Since, Fe and you may Pb. When looking at the fresh LIA abilities, F11 is connected with Les Ferreres mining region, while E13, and additionally E11 (wherein metallographic data is unavailable) are still unassigned. However, this unknown copper source is likely in part, since analysed products from La Bauma proceed with the exact same trend than ever analysed trials about Northeast ( Fig 18 , come across Lead isotopes).
According to LIA, at least four kinds of information had been possibly used on Los angeles Bauma: the encircling (california
Therefore, SEM-EDS and you can LIA investigation introduce a routine selection of performance. 18km when you look at the a straight-line) copper ores regarding Les Ferreres at the Pyrenees, this new distant (ca. 200km) copper ores off Montsant mining district (and copper regarding Solana del Bepo and Turquesa mines) and you will a fourth origin nevertheless to get understood. which they located, centered on compositional analyses, within Les Ferreres exploration region also (perhaps often off Les Ferreres or Is also Manera mines) (look for Chalcolithic metallurgy about Northeast: between a couple of scientific lifestyle).
The brand new analyses of your own crucible pastes demonstrate that La Bauma crucibles was are available utilizing the same clay. If the undecorated ships were objective-produced boats are designed to have metallurgical businesses (still a no more definitive question), these were made in exactly the same way as average decorated bins (G11 and F12) that have been repurposed getting metallurgical purposes. A simultaneous phenomenon come into new Bell Beaker assemblage away from El Ventorro (Madrid), where undecorated and you may decorated crucibles have quite similar pastes between for each and every most other and as compared to other low-metallurgical vessels [thirty two, 33].
Porcelain pastes from Los angeles Bauma merge ranged poorly sorted nutrient inclusions ( Table 4 ) and particular normal burnt out materials. The fresh new paste was refractory sufficient to keep until the avoid from new procedure, which had been probably conducted within temperature over 1100°C (i.e. over the melting part regarding copper). By then, it absolutely was near to chemical substances and you will thermal failure, since shown from the water retention pores and the slag levels continuously graced from the melted ceramic. Visibility out-of mineral inclusions of various dimensions and of reasonable melting area (for instance the Fe nutritional elements mixed in some of your slag), shows that zero particular treatments for the clay otherwise aware options from tempering matter is actually used.
These results make it so you can technologically classify Los angeles Bauma metallurgy just like the an enthusiastic exemplory case of Iberian crucible-mainly based procedures preferred during the Chalcolithic moments (pick Chalcolithic metallurgy from the Northeast: ranging from several scientific way of life). The microstructural analyses has actually affirmed the early look of smelting inside the this new Northeast in middle of one’s 3 rd 100 years BCE. Except that using unlock vessels, the running off many local oxidic ores during the meagerly reducing criteria would seem coherent into south Iberian technical tradition, though it try separate from it with regards to social connected spheres (select Chalcolithic metallurgy about Northeast: ranging from two scientific life).