Bee Types Variety
Regarding 2009 so you’re able to 2018, 192 bee variety (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) got involved during the Calanques Federal Park via one another online and might bowl pitfall series. They belonged so you’re able to six household and you can 38 genera. Megachilidae are some of the extremely categories-rich friends, with Apidae and you can Halictidae, having 53, 49, and 43 categories, respectively. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 is basically brand new wealthiest genus, with 33 variety, when you are seven genera was in fact represented on only 1 varieties (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Dining table step 1 [on line only] ). Making use of the jackknife step 1 and dos spiders, the fresh bee types richness is simply estimated to-be ranging from ± 9.89 and you may ± . This new viewed richness hence represented 71.step 3 so you can 79.6% of your own estimated bee fullness ( Table 2). This new Chao1 approach estimated the seen richness to acquire 76.8% of one’s potential limitation richness ( Dining table 2). The essential plentiful varieties is largely Apis mellifera L. (276 individuals), that have Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and you will 168 people, respectively), and you can Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 someone). Sooner or later, 50 classes (26%) have been represented by singular private (singletons).
Ecosystem Qualities from Bees
Regarding your environment services regarding nesting need, i knew 59 solitary bee varieties nesting a lot more than floor, 92 unmarried bee assortment nesting below ground and you may 23 cleptoparasitic assortment, comparable to 31.eight, 47.9, and you may multiple.0% of the done bee diversity fullness, respectively. We concept of four private species (bumble bees and you will honey bees-dos.1%). In the course of time, the new nesting preferences off fourteen variety are nevertheless not familiar (7.3%- Supp Table the first step [on the web merely] ). Regarding your floral eating plan regarding bee groups, we found that 105 brands (54.7%) foraged to your many plant kinds (i.age., generalist variety, polylectic) and you can 51 variety (26.5%) foraged on a single bush family relations if you don’t one/couples bush species (we.decades., professional types, oligolectic). To your kept 36 bee range (18.8%), the fresh floral diet was not identified (e.g., https://hookupwebsites.org/telegraph-review/ having cleptoparasitic kinds). not, really generalist variety shown a choice for one otherwise lots regarding plant household ( Supp Desk 1 [on the web just] ). With the 49 singletons, 14 bee groups (28%) ended up being specialist, and you may nine bee variety (18%) was indeed cleptoparasitic ( Supp Desk 1 [on line just] ).
A keen IUCN position can easily be bought to have 178 variety (leaving out this new categories property and you will unfamiliar brands). The quintessential, 47 products is categorized as the analysis not having (DD-twenty six.4%), 124 species were at least alarmed (LC-69.6%), six variety got close threatened (NT-step 3.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and you may L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), and one variety is believed endangered (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Desk step one [on the web simply] ). Three oligolectic groups was one of many eight threatened bee models. A beneficial. ovatula and you can C. albomaculatus was pro towards the Fabaceae, D. argentata is basically a specialist with the Caprifoliaceae.
Out of 2009 in order to 2018, 38 variety of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) was in fact caught to the Calanques Federal Park. It belonged in order to 24 genera ( Supp Table dos [on the web simply] ). One particular numerous genera was basically Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 someone), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (14 some one), and you may Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de- Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville when you look at the Latreille, 1828 (thirteen people), while 20 versions (53%) was illustrated from the only 1 individual ( Supp Table dos [on the web only] ). Brand new bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) was in fact depicted of your own 20 species, and four singletons (25%) ( Supp Desk 3 [on the internet simply] ). The fresh new quotation away from full assortment fullness aside-away from hover flies and bee flies try ranging from 83 and you can 97 classes making use of the jackknife 1 and you will dos spiders, correspondingly. Therefore, the brand new viewed fullness depicted 59.8–69.9% of projected hover travel and you may bee travel fullness ( Desk dos).